ABSTRACT

The motion of an unlimited flow of a continuous, homogeneous, weightless, incompressible fluid with properties of viscosity and inertia is considered.

The vortex theory is based on a topological model of fluids.

It is shown that the main topological invariant is the viscosity scale, which is the characteristic linear size of the undisturbed flow. At the same time, this invariant fully determines the internal vortex structure of the flow of the object interacting with it.

It is shown that when structuring a flow, two different interrelated phenomena are realized synchronously: viscous stratification of the flow and formation of vortices in stratified layers. In particular, the internal mechanism of loss of stability of the flow is revealed, as well as the mechanisms of formation of the primary vortex and the vortex matrix.

This theory is an antipode of the traditional turbulence theory, in which the flow is considered as a set of a certain average flow and pulsations of the parameters of the average flow by introducing additional hypotheses.